I. Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kev kho mob ntawm cov qauv hlau
1. Kev tswj hwm thiab kev cai lij choj
Thoob ntiaj teb, ntau lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam muaj lawv tus kheej cov lej rau hluav taws kub - resistant tsim thiab kev tsim steel qauv. Piv txwv li, NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) cov qauv hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov hluav taws kub - kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm ntau lub tsev. Hauv Suav teb, "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB 50016 - 2014 (2018 Edition) thiab "Technical Code for Application of Fire - resistant Coatings for Steel Structures" CECS 24 - 90 yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau qhov hluav taws kub - kev tiv thaiv kev kho ntawm steel qauv. Cov lis dej num no qhia txog qhov hluav taws kub - kev ntsuas ntsuas qhov xav tau rau cov qauv hlau hauv ntau hom tsev.
2. Cov Kev Cai rau Hluav Taws - Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas
Qhov hluav taws kub - qhov ntsuas tsis kam ntawm cov qauv hlau yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb los ntsuas nws qhov hluav taws kub - kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm. Nws yog hais txog lub sij hawm txij li lub sij hawm thaum lub tsev tiv thaiv, haum, los yog cov qauv raug hluav taws kub mus txog rau thaum nws poob nws load - bearing muaj peev xwm, kev ncaj ncees, los yog thermal rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv tus qauv hluav taws kub - kuj kuaj tej yam kev mob, ntsuas nyob rau hauv cov sij hawm (h). Piv txwv li, rau cov kab ntawm thawj - chav kawm siab - nce lub tsev, qhov hluav taws kub - kev ntsuas ntsuas qhov yuav tsum tau muaj feem ntau yog 3.00h; rau cov kab ntawm ntau - storey factories thiab warehouses, nyob ntawm qhov hluav taws kub - resistance rating ntawm lub tsev, qhov hluav taws kub - resistance rating yog feem ntau ntawm 2.50 - 3.00h.
3. Cov Kev Ntsuas thiab Kev Txiav Txim Siab
Qhov hluav taws kub - kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov qauv hlau yuav tsum tau ua pov thawj los ntawm cov qauv hluav taws kub - kev ntsuas tsis kam. Thaum lub sij hawm xeem, lub xeem daim yuav tsum tau muab ntsia thiab loaded los simulate qhov tseeb siv tej yam kev mob, thiab cov xeem daim yog rhuab raws li tus qauv kub - nce nkhaus. Thaum ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no tshwm sim hauv cov hlau - cov qauv, nws raug txiav txim kom tau mus txog qhov hluav taws kub - tsis kam txwv: poob ntawm qhov load - bearing muaj peev xwm, manifested raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws nruab nrab - ncua deflection ntawm lub xeem daim ntawv tshaj tus nqi, los yog lub axial deformation tus nqi ntawm cov kab ntau tshaj tus nqi tso cai. poob ntawm kev ncaj ncees, xws li tshwm sim ntawm cov kab nrib pleb los yog qhov hws, tso cai rau cov nplaim taws thiab cov roj kub kub; poob ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab kub nce nyob rau hauv unexposed nto ntawm lub xeem piece tshaj qhov pib kub los ntawm 140 degree, los yog qhov kub siab nce nyob rau hauv txhua txoj hauj lwm tshaj qhov pib kub los ntawm 180 degree.
II. Hluav taws kub - tiv thaiv Solutions rau Steel Structures
1. Hluav taws kub - resistant Coatings
Hom thiab yam ntxwv: Hluav taws kub - resistant coatings rau steel qauv muab faib ua ob hom, nyias - coated thiab tuab - coated, raws li cov txheej thickness thiab kev ua tau zoo yam ntxwv. Lub thickness ntawm nyias - coated hluav taws kub - resistant txheej yog feem ntau 3 - 7 hli. Thaum raug hluav taws kub, txheej txheej nthuav dav thiab ua npuas dej los ua kom muaj cua sov ntom ntom - txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev, yog li txhim kho qhov hluav taws kub - tiv thaiv kev ntsuas ntawm cov qauv hlau. Nws qhov zoo yog cov txheej nyias nyias thiab cov nyhuv zoo nkauj, tab sis cov kav ntev yog qhov tsis muaj zog. Nws yog tsim rau sab hauv tsev zais tej yaam num los yog qhov chaw nrog tej yam yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo nkauj. Lub thickness ntawm tuab - coated hluav taws kub - resistant txheej feem ntau yog 8 - 50 hli, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm inorganic thermal - cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev. Nws tso siab rau nws tus kheej thermal - rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo kom txo qis cua sov ntawm cov qauv hlau. Nws qhov zoo yog qhov hluav taws kub zoo - kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab muaj zog ua haujlwm ntev, tab sis cov tsos zoo li ntxhib. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau sab nraum zoov steel qauv lossis qhov chaw uas muaj hluav taws kub siab - kev ntsuas ntsuas qhov xav tau.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho: Ua ntej kev tsim kho, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov qauv hlau yuav tsum tau ua ntej - kho los ntawm xeb - tshem tawm thiab degreasing kom ntseeg tau zoo adhesion ntawm hluav taws kub - resistant txheej thiab steel nto. Lub nyias - coated hluav taws - resistant txheej yog feem ntau tsim los ntawm kev txau. Lub thickness ntawm txhua cov tshuaj tsuag yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2.5 hli, nrog rau lub caij nyoog ntawm 4 - 24h mus txog rau thaum lub thickness ntawm tsim. Cov tuab - coated hluav taws - resistant txheej tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev txau lossis troweling. Lub thickness ntawm txhua txheej yog tswj ntawm 5 - 10mm, nrog ib ncua ntawm 12 - 24h. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau tej yam kev mob xws li kub thiab av noo. Feem ntau, nws raug nquahu kom ua qhov kev tsim kho ntawm 5 - 38 degree, nrog cov av noo tsis tshaj 90%.
2. Hluav taws kub - resistant Board Wrapping
Kev xaiv khoom: Feem ntau siv hluav taws kub - resistant boards muaj xws li pob zeb wool boards, iav ntaub plaub boards, vermiculite boards, perlite boards, thiab lwm yam. Cov boards no muaj cua sov zoo - rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo thiab tej lub zog, uas muaj peev xwm zoo thaiv cov tshav kub hloov mus rau steel qauv. Piv txwv li, pob zeb wool board yog ib tug inorganic fiber board ua los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso pob zeb raws li lub ntsiab raw khoom los ntawm high - kub melting. Nws muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg thiab hluav taws kub - tsis kam ua haujlwm ntawm Chav Kawm A uas tsis yog - combustible, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv steel - qauv tsev nrog hluav taws kub - kev tiv thaiv.
Txoj Kev Txhim Kho: Hluav taws kub - resistant boards yog tsau rau saum npoo ntawm steel qauv los ntawm tshwj xeeb connectors los yog adhesives. Rau loj - nplai steel kab teeb thiab kab, keel - kho txoj kev tuaj yeem raug saws. Ua ntej, nruab lub teeb - steel keels rau saum npoo ntawm cov qauv steel, thiab tom qab ntawd kho qhov hluav taws kub - resistant boards rau keels; rau qee cov khoom me me lossis qhov chaw uas muaj cov duab tsis yooj yim, cov laug cam tuaj yeem muab tso ncaj qha rau saum npoo ntawm cov qauv hlau siv hluav taws kub - cov nplaum nplaum. Thaum lub sij hawm lub installation txheej txheem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov laug cam tau sib txuas zoo yam tsis muaj qhov khoob khoob kom ntseeg tau tias qhov hluav taws kub - tiv thaiv cov nyhuv.
3. Kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kev tsim qauv
Kev hloov ntawm Cov Qauv Qauv: Thaum lub sij hawm tsim qauv ntawm cov qauv hlau, nws qhov hluav taws kub - kev tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev kho cov qauv tsim qauv. Piv txwv li, nce tus ntoo khaub lig - ntu ntu ntawm cov khoom thiab txo qis qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov hluav taws kub - qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm cov khoom. Rau qee qhov tseem ceeb load - bearing Cheebtsam, cov qauv sib xyaw tuaj yeem siv tau, xws li steel - pob zeb sib xyaw beam, siv cov cua sov - rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo ntawm pob zeb los tiv thaiv cov nqaj hlau thiab txhim kho tag nrho cov hluav taws kub - kev tiv thaiv kev ua tau zoo.
Kev teeb tsa hluav taws kub thiab hluav taws sib cais: Tsim nyog faib cov chav hluav taws kub thiab siv hluav taws kub - cov chaw tiv thaiv xws li phab ntsa hluav taws, hluav taws kub - resistant dov shutters, thiab hluav taws kub - cov qhov rooj tiv thaiv hluav taws los tswj hluav taws nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hluav taws kub ntawm cov qauv hlau. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug loj - scale steel - qauv Hoobkas lub tsev, lub Hoobkas tsim tau muab faib ua ntau yam hluav taws kub compartments los ntawm kev teeb tsa phab ntsa hluav taws. Thaum hluav taws tshwm sim hauv ib cheeb tsam, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm hluav taws thiab tiv thaiv cov qauv hlau hauv lwm qhov chaw los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm hluav taws.
